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Registros recuperados: 25
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Actuarial Implication of Structural Changes in El Niño-Southern Oscillation Index Dynamics AgEcon
Chen, Shu-Ling.
The influence of climate variability on agricultural production and financial risks faced by an individual or an institution has been the center of the public discussion in the recent years. The changing weather patterns and environmental conditions could cause substantial unpredicted economic loss. Failure to capture the changing climate would underestimate the insurance contract’s expected indemnity and further create a major obstacle for insurance sectors. In this paper, we undertake a case study of El Niño-Southern Oscillation Index insurance for coastal Peru proposed by Skees. We examined the behavior of El Niño dynamics and found El Niño indices are changing over time. A class of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Actuarial rating; Climate variability; El Niño; Fractional integration ARCH; FIGARCH; Index insurance; Structural change; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; G21; G22; Q10; Q14.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61384
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Agricultural Insurance as an Environmental Policy Tool AgEcon
Coble, Keith H.; Hanson, Terrill R.; Miller, J. Corey; Shaik, Saleem.
This paper examines the possibility that insurance for row crops, livestock, and aquaculture can be used effectively to encourage producers to adopt practices that will improve environmental behavior. Examples of agricultural environmental insurance are provided and considered in the context of alternative policy mechanisms. The current state of agricultural insurance and the nonagricultural environmental insurance market are explored. We also lay out the characteristics of an insurable risk along with the theoretical basis of insurance provision. An empirical example of an environmental insurance design is provided, and the behavioral implications of such a design are examined. Finally, we discuss important considerations that should be evaluated...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environment; Insurance; Liability; D81; G22; H23; K13; Q18.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43214
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Alternative Crop Insurance Indexes AgEcon
Deng, Xiaohui; Barnett, Barry J.; Hoogenboom, Gerrit; Yu, Yingzhuo; Garcia y Garcia, Axel.
Three index-based crop insurance contracts are evaluated for representative south Georgia corn farms. The insurance contracts considered are based on indexes of historical county yields, yields predicted from a cooling degree-day production model, and yields predicted from a crop-simulation model. For some of the representative farms, the predicted yield index contracts provide yield risk protection comparable to the contract based on historical county yields, especially at lower levels of risk aversion. The impact of constraints on index insurance choice variables is considered and important interactions among constrained, conditionally optimized, choice variables are analyzed.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Area yield insurance; Cooling degree days; DSSAT; Group risk plan; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; G13; G22; Q12.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45521
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Captive insurance companies and the management of non-conventional corporate risks AgEcon
Lesourd, Jean-Baptiste; Schilizzi, Steven.
We examine under what conditions setting up a captive insurance company with reinsurance is an optimal solution for risk-averse firms when the insured firm, the insurer and the reinsurer do not know the probability distribution of some risks, and have conflicting estimates of this distribution.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Corporate insurance; Reinsurance; Uncertainty; Ambiguity; Non-conventional risks; Captive insurance companies; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; G22; Q2.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100886
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Crop insurance market development in a transition economy: The case of Kazakhstan AgEcon
Heidelbach, Olaf; Bokusheva, Raushan.
We analyze the current state and future requirements of an agricultural income stabilization mechanism in a transition country – namely, the crop insurance system in Kazakhstan. Three objectives will be pursued: First, factors influencing the development of the crop insurance market will be identified. Second, insurance’s capabilities to efficiently stabilize income under transition circumstances will be evaluated. Finally, recommendations for developing crop insurance as an effective income stabilization tool will be provided. Results indicate that the prevailing institutional framework for establishing a sustainable crop insurance system is rather weak, and available insurance products are not preventing the problem of asymmetric information to a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk-management; Crop insurance; Institutions; Mathematical programming; Kazakhstan; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; D82; G22; Q14.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51614
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Current factors of insurance in agriculture AgEcon
Bokusheva, Raushan; Heidelbach, Olaf.
This discussion paper is our response to numerous questions and the desire of our counterparts from the CIS countries to receive more up-to-date information about insurance in agriculture. Accordingly, we have tried to shed light on the main aspects of insurance as one tool of risk management in agriculture. Thus, our purpose is to give the reader information on principles and potential of insurance, its main problems and possible solutions. Additionally, this paper provides a comparative overview of the presently most widespread insurance schemes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Risiko; Versicherung; Versicherungsprodukte; Landwirtschaft; Risk; Insurance; Insurance schemes; Agriculture; Слова: риск; Страхование; Страховые схемы; Сельское хозяйство.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q14; D82.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92167
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Direct payments, crop insurance and the volatility of farm income. Some evidence in France and in Italy AgEcon
Enjolras, Geoffroy; Capitanio, Fabian; Aubert, Magali; Adinolfi, Felice.
Volatility of farm income represents a major challenge for farm management and the design of public policies. This paper measures the extent to which risk management tools, especially direct payments and crop insurance, can significantly reduce crop income volatility in France and in Italy. We use an original dataset of 9,555 farms for the period 2003-2007 drawn up from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) and three different econometric models to explain the volatility of crop income. The results are contrasted between the specialization of the farms and the two countries: Italian farms use management tools (CAP payments and crop insurance) so as to improve their income and to reduce its volatility (crop insurance, inputs). French farms use the same...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Volatility; Direct payments; Insurance; France; Italy; FADN; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q14; Q18.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122478
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Efficiency of Selected Risk Management Instruments - An Empirical Analysis of Risk Reduction in Kazakhstani Crop Production AgEcon
Heidelbach, Olaf.
Recent academic discussion regarding crop insurance in developing and transition countries has focused on weather index insurance. But empirical analyses of such schemes based on farm level data cannot be found in the literature, though this insurance type shows clear advantages compared to multiple-peril crop insurance and revenue insurance. Recent empirical applications of risk and stochastic programming models focus on the optimisation of production planning, while literature on the effects of crop insurance on the farm level mainly focuses on the empirical investigation of reductions in farm income variance. The novelty of this paper is that it integrates regionally-adapted insurance products and expert-evaluated technology choices into a programming...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk; Risk management; Insurance; Agriculture; Kazakhstan; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q14; G22; D82.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25243
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El seguro escolar gratuito y el seguro materno infantil: análisis de su incidencia e impacto sobre el acceso a los servicios de salud y sobre la equidad en el acceso AgEcon
Jaramillo, Miguel; Parodi, Sandro.
A fines de la década pasada el gobierno peruano implementó dos seguros públicos para mejorar el acceso a los servicios de salud de las mujeres y de los niños más pobres de la población: el Seguro Escolar Gratuito (SEG) y el Seguro Materno Infantil (SMI). Según la teoría, dichos seguros deberían haber contribuido a disminuir las barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud, redistribuyendo recursos hacia los más pobres, e induciendo, por lo tanto, a una mejora en la equidad. El presente estudio intenta establecer si este objetivo logró concretarse en la realidad. Un primer nivel de análisis encuentra que la implementación de los seguros tuvo un efecto positivo sobre la cobertura ante los riesgos de salud y que tanto el SEG como el SMI se convirtieron en las...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Seguros; Servicios de salud; Seguro escolar; Salud maternoinfantil; Perú; Insurance; Health services; School insurance; Maternal and child health; Peru; Health Economics and Policy; G22; I1.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37732
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Expanding the National Flood Insurance Program to Cover Coastal Erosion Damage AgEcon
Keeler, Andrew G.; Kriesel, Warren; Landry, Craig E..
This paper uses the results of a nationwide survey of coastal property owners to estimate the demand for insurance against erosion damage. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) does not technically cover such damage, although in practice there is considerable uncertainty about this point. The ability to insure against such losses has implications for the choice of beach management strategies and for NFIP management. We find significant demand for insurance at prices in the range of current flood insurance premiums, although median willingness to pay appears to be less than cost of providing such insurance.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Coastal erosion; Insurance; Risk; Q24; G22; H41.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43199
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Factors Affecting Farmers’ Utilization of Agricultural Risk Management Tools: The Case of Crop Insurance, Forward Contracting, and Spreading Sales AgEcon
Velandia, Margarita M.; Rejesus, Roderick M.; Knight, Thomas O.; Sherrick, Bruce J..
Factors affecting the adoption of crop insurance, forward contracting, and spreading sales are analyzed using multivariate and multinomial probit approaches that account for simultaneous adoption and/or correlation among the three risk management adoption decisions. Our empirical results suggest that the decision to adopt crop insurance, forward contracting, and/or spreading sales are correlated. Richer insights can be drawn from our multivariate and multinomial probit analysis than from separate, single-equation probit estimation that assumes independence of adoption decisions. Some factors significantly affecting the adoption of the risk management tools analyzed are proportion of owned acres, off-farm income, education, age, and level of business risks.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Adoption decisions; Crop insurance; Forward contracting; Multinomial probit; Multivariate probit; Risk management; Spreading sales; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48751
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Farm-Level Risk Management Using Irrigation and Weather Derivatives AgEcon
Lin, Shanshan; Mullen, Jeffrey D.; Hoogenboom, Gerrit.
An agronomic crop growth model—the Decision Support System for Agro-Technology Transfer—and a constant relative risk aversion utility function are used to examine corn irrigation strategies in Mitchell County, Georgia. Precipitation contracts are designed to help farmers manage risk. Three conclusions originate from the findings. First, the optimal irrigation strategy can greatly increase producers’ certainty-equivalent revenue. Second, changes in water pricing policy would have a limited impact on the amount of water used. And third, across levels of risk preference, the precipitation contracts are not effective in increasing certainty-equivalent revenue or reducing cumulative water use.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Irrigation risk management; Water pricing policy; Weather derivative contract; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D8; G22; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46986
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Implications of Integrated Commodity Programs and Crop Insurance AgEcon
Coble, Keith H.; Barnett, Barry J..
Moving from price-triggered to area revenue–triggered programs was perhaps the most common theme among 2007 farm bill proposals. Area revenue–triggered commodity programs may make farm-level revenue insurance products seem redundant, raising questions about why the federal government should continue both programs. Area revenue–triggered programs would remove much of the systemic risk faced by producers. As a result, private sector insurers may be able to insure the residual risk without federal involvement. This paper examines the effects of moving to area revenue–triggered commodity programs with a focus on public policy issues that would likely arise.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Commodity programs; Revenue insurance; Systemic risk; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; D81; G22; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46981
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Optimal Coverage Level Choice with Individual and Area Plans of Insurance AgEcon
Bulut, Harun; Collins, Keith J.; Zacharias, Thomas P..
We theoretically examine a farmer’s coverage demand with area and individual insurance plans as either separate or integrated options. The individual and area losses are assumed to be imperfectly and positively correlated. With actuarially fair rates, the farmer will fully insure with the individual plan and demand no area insurance regardless of the plans being separate or integrated. Under separate plans, free area insurance and the fair rate for individual insurance, area insurance replaces a portion of individual insurance demand. Under integrated plans, free area insurance, and the fair rate for individual insurance, the farmer will over-insure with individual plan and demand additional area insurance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural risk; Area plans of insurance; Crop insurance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Marketing; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; G22; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103185
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Optimal Coverage Level Choice with Individual and Area Plans of Insurance AgEcon
Bulut, Harun; Collins, Keith J.; Zacharias, Thomas P..
We theoretically examine a farmer’s coverage demand with area and individual insurance plans as either separate or integrated options. The individual and area losses are assumed to be imperfectly and positively correlated. With actuarially fair rates, the farmer will fully insure with the individual plan and demand no area insurance regardless of the plans being separate or integrated. Under separate plans, free area insurance and the fair rate for individual insurance, area insurance replaces a portion of individual insurance demand. Under integrated plans, free area insurance, and the fair rate for individual insurance, the farmer over-insures using both area and individual plans.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural risk; Area plans of insurance; Crop insurance; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; G22; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98803
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Patterns of Collusion in the U.S. Crop Insurance Program: An Empirical Analysis AgEcon
Rejesus, Roderick M.; Little, Bertis B.; Lovell, Ashley C.; Cross, Mike H.; Shucking, Michael.
This article analyzes anomalous patterns of agent, adjuster, and producer claim outcomes and determines the most likely pattern of collusion that is suggestive of fraud, waste, and abuse in the federal crop insurance program. Log-linear analysis of Poisson-distributed counts of anomalous entities is used to examine potential patterns of collusion. The most likely pattern of collusion present in the crop insurance program is where agents, adjusters, and producers nonrecursively interact with each other to coordinate their behavior. However, if a priori an intermediary is known to initiate and coordinate the collusion, a pattern where the producer acts as the intermediary is the most likely pattern of collusion evidenced in the data. These results have...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Abuse; Collusion; Crop insurance; Empirical analysis; Fraud; Waste; G22; Q12; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43393
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PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC SERVICES IN THE LATVIAN INSURANCE MARKET AgEcon
Polovko, Svetlana.
E-insurance is a vital topic for research as in the market of Latvia the given type of service has appeared rather recently - in September, 2006. The paper studies prospects of E-commerce development of insurance market in Latvia. Value of an information technology in the insurance market, growth profile of E-commerce, advantages of this E-channel use in insurance sales are considered.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Insurance; E-commerce; Insurance policy; Insurance company.; Financial Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; G22.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94582
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Revisiting the demand of agricultural insurance: The case of Spain AgEcon
Garrido, Alberto; Zilberman, David.
We use the actual insurance records of 52,300 farmers and 11 years to estimate two sets of insurance demands. We define measures of insurance's expected returns, variance and third moment, based on observed insurance data, and infer the expected returns for those farmers that have never had an indemnity. We estimate several probit models and count models for the insuring vs non-insuring strategies, in which the economic returns of insurance and its two measures of dispersion enter as explanatory variables. Results show that farmers' insurance strategies are largely explained by their actual insurance experience as captured by these three variables. Individuals with loss rations greater than 1 do not show more responsiveness that those facing more balanced...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural insurance; Insurance demand models; Spain; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q12; Q14.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9266
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Risky Loss Distributions and Modeling the Loss Reserve Pay-out Tail AgEcon
Cummins, J. David; McDonald, James B.; Merrill, Craig.
Although an extensive literature has developed on modeling the loss reserve runoff triangle, the estimation of severity distributions applicable to claims settled in specific cells of the runoff triangle has received little attention in the literature. This paper proposes the use of a very flexible probability density function, the generalized beta of the 2nd kind (GB2) to model severity distributions in the cells of the runoff triangle and illustrates the use of the GB2 based on a sample of nearly 500,000 products liability paid claims. The results show that the GB2 provides a significantly better fit to the severity data than conventional distributions such as the Weibull, Burr 12, and generalized gamma and that modeling severity by cell is important to...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Loss distributions; Loss reserves; Generalized beta distribution; Liability insurance; Risk and Uncertainty; C16; G22.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50154
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Role of Panel Analysis in Identifying Asymmetric Information with Optional Unit Provision in Federal Crop Insurance AgEcon
Shaik, Saleem.
This paper has a two-fold contribution, first we demonstrate the relationship of spatial, temporal and residual yield risk estimated from a two-way panel random effects model to asymmetric information with an optional unit provision in the federal crop insurance program. Second, the yield risk components are incorporated in a discrete choice model to examine the presence of asymmetric information due to potential yield switching with optional unit provisions. Empirical application to 1998 U.S. cotton crop insurance data reveals the presence of asymmetric information with optional unit provisions.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Adverse Selection; Moral Hazard; Optional Unit Policy; Crop Insurance; U.S. Cotton; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; D82; G22; Q10.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54983
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